3 Polarization by double refraction ; due to different bondings in different directions in the crystal, we have different indices of refraction in different polarization directions. chain will encounter the double bonds in the phenyl group, which will retard the light more, leading to a larger refractive index n 2. Most frequently applied to light. Because the upper wave falls behind the lower one by exactly one wavelength, they still arrive in phase at Q , and so a second bright fringe appears at this location. The geometry of the double-slit interference is shown in the Figure 14.2.3. vertical. SECTION 37.2 ¥ YoungÕs Double-Slit Experiment 1179 wave to reach point Q . nmedium = Speed of light in vacuum = 300,000 km/s. Figure 1: Polystyrene repeat unit, showing two principle refractive indices. Using that the speed of light is v = c n we deduced that λ1n1=λ2n2, so that as the index of refraction goes up, the wave-length goes down. This phenomenon of splitting of light into two rays is known as double refraction. speed of light in vacuum = cvacuum speed of light in medium = cmedium Refraction Refraction The refractive index of glass is … then it is found that 2 refracted rays are produced. Dbl f ti d dDouble refraction depends on: 1. The orientation of the mineral section with respect to its ... Microsoft PowerPoint - intro optics 3.ppt [Compatibility Mode] Index of refraction (n) – measure of how much a wave’s speed is reduced in a particular medium. The refractive index parallel to the molecules’ backbone, n. 1, is smaller than the refractive index perpendicular to the backbone, n 2. Polarization by double refraction - definition When the unpolarized light ray falls on certain crystals like calcite, quartz etc. Refraction and Reflection 1 Refraction When we discussed polarization, we saw that when light enters a medium with a different index of refraction, the frequency stays the same but the wavelength changes. 41 Polarization Wave Theory Double Refraction When a ray of unpolarized light is passed through a uniaxial crystal , it split up into two refracted rays, each propagating in different direction. One polarization is bent differently than the other. At point R in Figure 37.4c, however , between points P and Q , the incident ray. horizontal. Retardation (path difference) depends on the degree of doubleRetardation (path difference) depends on the degree of double refraction in a mineral section. One of the rays obeys the laws of refraction and its velocity in the crystal is the same in all directions. This phenomena is called double refraction. surface. refracted rays. Figure 14.2.3 Double-slit experiment Consider light that falls on the screen at a point P a distance from the point O that lies on the screen a perpendicular distance L from the double-slit system. •Double refraction – light that travels through the mineral is split in two ways •Effervescence – reacts with hydrochloric acid •Magnetism – occurs between minerals that contain iron •Iridescence – play of colors caused by the bending of light rays •Fluorescence …

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